Physics

Impulse and Momentum Calculator

Find impulse from force and time, or from change in momentum.

Force (N)

Contact time

Mass

Calculated Output

Impulse (N·s) 10

Change in velocity 5

Formula: J = F·t = m·Δv

Step-by-Step Breakdown

1. Values used:

2. Force = 50 N

3. Contact time = 0.2

4. Mass = 2

6. Impulse = Force x Contact time = 50 x 0.2 = 10N·s

7. Force x Contact time = 50 x 0.2 = 10

8. Change in velocity = (Force x Contact time) / Mass = 10 / 2 = 5

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The math behind it

J = F·t equals the momentum change m·Δv. So the velocity change is Δv = F·t ÷ m.

50 N for 0.2 s → impulse 10 N·s, changing a 2 kg mass by 5 m/s.

Why do airbags help?

They lengthen the contact time, lowering the force for the same impulse.