Physics

Hoop Stress Calculator

Find the hoop stress in a thin-walled pressure vessel.

Internal pressure (Pa)

Inner radius

Wall thickness

Calculated Output

Hoop stress (MPa) 30

Formula: σ = p·r ÷ t

Step-by-Step Breakdown

1. Values used:

2. Internal pressure = 500,000 Pa

3. Inner radius = 0.3

4. Wall thickness = 0.005

6. Hoop stress = 30MPa

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The math behind it

σ = p·r ÷ t for a thin wall. It is twice the longitudinal stress, so vessels tend to split along their length.

5 bar in a 0.3 m radius, 5 mm wall → 30 MPa.

Why do pipes burst lengthwise?

Hoop stress is the largest, tearing the wall along its length.